Slab building construction



Aug. 31, 1926p 1,598,197

F. HILL SLAB BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 21, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug 31 1926. 1,598,197

F. HILL SLAB BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 21 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 31, 1926.

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FRED HILL, OF CHESTERFIELD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN FAULDER BURN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

SLAB BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed November 21, 1925, Serial No. 70,582, and in Great Britain March 28, 1924.

This invention relates to slab building and has among its objects to provide a double wall construction which will minimize the necessity for skilled labour, be eco no-mical in material and time, speed up erection, and result in a sound finished product. The present construction is of the kind in which precast slabs are laid upon one another edgeways and piers are thereafter formed in situ between them, the ends or edges of the slabs being inclined or recessed in such a manner as to interlock with the piers when the latter have become hardened.

The slabs according to the present invention are undercut only along the innerfaces of their vertical edges, being flat upon both inner and outer faces excepting that a small rebate recess or rib is left on the inner face to serve to hold in place a strip of composition board or the like which serves as distancing pieces and as a member which forms one of the side members of the enclosure or mould within which the pier is moulded, such strips being left in position in the in ished construction. In some cases, in building in a window frame, it may be necessary to complete the moulding space by the use of frames for centering which is removed when the moulded reveal or sides of the openings are sufficiently set. The slabs are further secured by ties which preferably I take the form of a twisted bar of galvanized iron having an eye at each end. In order to fasten these ties to the slabs, recesses are provided in each slab in whichthe looped ends and portions of the ties adjacent thereto are laid and in the case of comparatively soft blocks of plastic composition a nail is driven through the eye and with the block hold the tie in place. In the cases where the use of a nail is not practicable it is proposed to embed the end of the tie in plaster of Paris or cement which sets rapidly and.

suffices with therecesses to hold the ties effectually in place. The slabs have offset portions which in a spaced wall are spaced apart by boards or strips above referred to, the strips also serving to form walls of the space into which concrete is run to form piers. The ties are preferably so positioned that their length between slabs is embedded in the piers when these are formed. Corner blocks which are cored vertically to receive concrete are formed with recesses in their upper and lower surfaces, these recesses connecting with the concrete filled space formed between the corner blocks andthe adjacent slabs and with the core space, so that a substantial concrete bond is formed at corners, of each course. Reinforcing members-as vertically disposed rodsare preferably used in the concrete. filled pier. At intervals, say at each floor and the roof, courses of concrete are run in in sit-u with suitable reinforcement, a centring strip preferably of composition being provided to bridge the space between outer and inner slabs. An important function of these re inforced in. situ courses is to tie the structure laterally together and to increase its tensile strength. The upper edge of each slab is preferably convex the lower edges being correspondingly concave or recessed and the slabs are laid dry.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one type of my invention.

Fig. l is a side elevation of part of a building embodying the invention, and

Fig. 2 a section on line 1*1 Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view upon a horizontal line between a course of slabs at any convenient height in the building.

Fig. i is a plan view of a corner partly in section;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a corner block; a

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken adjacent to a window or door frame;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal plan View showing a pier in section with ties and reinforcing bars;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a portion ofone'of the premolded slabs; and

Fig. 9 is a plan view partly in section of joined. walls and a pier.

Preformed slabs 1 are shown as having their upper and lower edges convexly and concavely shaped to hold the slabs when used in the construction of walls in proper alinement during an erection. The top edge of each slab 1 has formed therein adjacent to its ends, shallow recesses of keyhole formation, said recesses a being adapted to re-' ceive looped ends of ties or spacing bars 2 which may; be formed of galvanized iron Wire or rods. The ends of the slabs 1 are shaped to provide on their inner-faces a projecting. portion to provide in use a shoulder against which strips 3, which may be of composition board or the like, may abut when placed between opposite slabs toprovide a closure or pugging strip which will hold the slabs spaced at a proper distance apart when theties Qare in the recesses a, which ties maybe held inplac'e by the usual pins or nails 2e which enter holes formed the preformed slabs 1. I, v

In the construction of a building, the

slabs 1 are laid dry for oneor more courses and are held spaced by the ties 2, andthe strips 3 may be inserted between the slabs to abut or engage the shoulders adjacent to the ties, and the slabs 1 have recesses formed at their vertical portions, the said recesses being of such shape as to provide one side of the preformed slabs with an abutting end which extends further than the opposite edge which'is on the same side as the shoulder formed by the projecting portion, this construction providing one-half of a dovetailedrecess. When two or more courses have been erected by laying and tying the preformed slabs together and inserting, the strips 3 and braclng. rods 4:, when gether.

Themethod of construction adapted to detail and by Fig. 3 when not embodied in a'wall, said corner block having a central opening 11 and rccesses'lO, the upper and lower edges being concaved and convexed in the same manner as the preformed slabsv hereinbefore described. l A

For a window casement as illustrated in I Figs. 1 and 3, framings or strips 6' are used and which will serve as a closure for a form in which a pier A is cast, and when a door frame 7 'isto be formed, a similar strip is used except that such a frame will extend to the doorsill.

The corner blocks 9 serve for either ex-' armies internal corners. An example of the use of the corner blocks is shown in Fig.4. i

At first or succeeding floor heights, and at roof height, shallow courses of in situ concrete are run in with suitable reinforcement, right round the 'building, the reinforcement being looped and engaged desired a concrete mixture maybe poured into the cavity to form piers and lock the slabs to-,

-', and closing strips,

of the same material as is used for the pug- .ging strips ,are laid on to. serve as cen tring. Those strips need only be a little wider than the cavity itself, and will suffice to carry the wet concrete until set. to hide the j oints, if desired, an

In order external covering of cement orv plaster 12, Fig. 1, maybe provided.

I claim: 4

1. As an article of manufacture, a preformed slab'for use in the construction of hollow wall buildings, said slab having a convex edge and opposite thereto a concave edge the inner side of the slab being provided with a projecting portion which forms a shoulder, the vertical edges of such slab being grooved, the grooves being so spaced as to reduce: the length of the inner sideof the slab to provide in use a'tying recess. 2." A preformed slab for use in building hollow walls, such slab having one edge provided with a centrally located concavity, the opposite edge being convex to lie within the opposite concave portion of asimilar slab, both end portions of said preformed slab having recesses which will reduce the lengthof one side of the slab, offset'portions integral and projecting from the inner side-- of the slab, and a recess opening inward to receive one end of a tie bar.

3. In a double wall construe tion, the combination of preformed slabs having on their inner sides offset portions and at their ends concave recesses, ties for connecting fopposite'slabsone to the other, and hollow corner blocks having in adjacent sides recesses, said slabs when positioned one above the other serving with removable closures strips as amold for the reception of poured concrete which will interlock the several members-of the wall, substantially as shown. 4. A hollojwwall construction for. buildings consisting of superimposed preformed slabs having inwardly projecting offsets on their inner faces formingseats for spacing means for holding the slabs in place to provide a mold into which concrete may be poured to form vertical piers which will hold the preformed slabs permanently in locked engagement. 5. A building structure having walls comprising inner and outer preformed slabs ar ranged edgewise in superimposed relation,

each slab having on one longitudinal edge a convex tongue and on the. opposite edge a concave groove, the vertical ends of said slabs having therein concaved recesses located to one side of the longitudinal center of the end portions to form an open-sided and spacing recess and beyond the same key-shaped respacing strips maintained between the tie cesses which open inward, the SL1Cl recesses bars and the shoulders toprovide a mold for being for the reception of tie bars, vertical plei's which Wlll lnterlock opposite slabs.

shoulders formed integral With the inner In testimony whereof I have signed this face of the slab to provide bearings for cl0sspecification this 5th day of November 1925. 111g strips, the slabs being adapted to be set up and held in place by ties, and vertical FRED HILL. 

